OPCEL [ OpenStack Professional Certification Exam by LPI-Japan ]

What is a hybrid cloud?

1. It is a cloud that combines aspects of PaaS and SaaS.
2. It is an IaaS cloud that provides ephemeral storage only.
3. It is an architecture that combines public and private clouds.
4. It is a compute cloud that mixes compute nodes with different CPU architectures.
5. It is an IaaS cloud that provides instances with different operating systems.

Answer

Answer: C

A hybrid cloud is the combination of a private, commonly on-premises, cloud platform with public cloud providers and is designed for use by a single organisation.

Which of the following kinds of cloud computing do the core components of OpenStack provide?

1. SaaS
2. PaaS
3. CaaS
4. IaaS
5. XaaS

Answer

Answer: D

IaaS stands for Infrastructure as a Service and is a form of cloud computing which provides physical or virtualized machines and other computing resources over a network. OpenStack provides computing resources, machine images, block and object storage, networking services and more.

Which of the following statements are true regarding the relationship of users, projects and domains? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

1. Every project has exactly one administrative user.
2. One user can be part of multiple domains.
3. Projects can be nested.
4. One project can contain multiple domains.
5. Users are specific to a domain.

Answer

Answer: C, E

In OpenStack, a domain is used to create an administrative boundary for managing Keystone entities. Domains are used to aggregate projects and users. Also, as of the release of the Identity v3 API (version 3.4), projects can be created with a parent project ID which must be owned by the same domain and provides the ability to create a nested project hierarchy.

Which of the following statements are true about OpenStack services? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

1. Every service has to be associated with an endpoint.
2. Services are specific to domains.
3. Every service requires a Keystone account in order to use identity management.
4. When querying the service catalog, a user sees only those services to which access has been granted.
5. Services can be hidden and not be included in the service catalog.

Answer

Answer: A, C

Keystone provides a centralized catalog of services which are provided by other OpenStack components. The URLs used to access these services are called endpoints. Also, for these services to make use of the Keystone service, they also require a user account.

What happens when a new compute instance is started from a Glance image?

1. The image is locked so no other compute instances can use it.
2. The image is copied, either from Glance or a cache, to the computing node that will start the instance.
3. The image is shared via NFS to PXE boot the new instance from it.
4. The image is installed from a Linux distribution's repository according to the image's metadata.
5. The image is disconnected from any other compute instances using it.

Answer

Answer: B

Glance virtual machine images may be used by any number of compute instances at the same time and they are accessible to the Compute service via the Glance OpenStack component.

How can objects in Swift be accessed? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

1. A PATCH request can contain a standard diff file that is applied to an object.
2. An INSERT request can provide an offset where the uploaded data should be written to the object.
3. A GET request can download an object as a whole file.
4. A RETRV request can specify block ranges of an object that should be extracted and retrieved.
5. A PUT request can upload an object as a whole file.

Answer

Answer: C, E

Swift is accessed through the Object Storage API. This API is implemented as a set of RESTful (Repesentational State Transfer) web services. With a RESTful API, access or read operations are serviced through an HTTP GET request and write operations are serviced through an HTTP PUT request.